Benedict de Spinoza

Benedict de Spinoza (1632–1677) was born in Amsterdam, where his orthodox Jewish family had fled to from persecution in Portugal. Expelled from the synagogue for his heterodox philosophy, he identified God with nature and denied the possibility of an act of creation.

Ethics

Ethics

Benedict de Spinoza
The Rationalists

The Rationalists

Rene Descartes, Benedict De Spinoza, Gottfried Wilhelm Freiherr Von Leibniz